The vertical movement of water upward that results from the wind pushing water away from the shore. When the water is pushed away, deeper, often colder and nutrient-rich water rises to the surface to replace it. (Also see Upwelling).

; An ocean process that occurs most notably on the western coasts of continents when cold nutrient rich bottom water flows to the surface along the continental coastlines. Upwelling is strong in California and Chile where it is closely linked to the fishing industry. Coastal upwelling is greatly reduced during El Niño events. Coliform Ba [..]